When I Was In Middle School, My Ambition Was To Become

When I was in middle school, my ambition was to become a renowned author, like J. K. Rowling. Since that time, my academic focus has changed but my interest in story crafting and written reflection remains a part of my life. Creative fiction is where most of my writing ambitions lie. I enjoy the process of building fictitious world, characters, and scenarios, although, unfortunately, I have not yet found a story I am passionate enough about to turn into a long-term project. In high school and my first semester of college I have been exposed to more different styles of writing both through the given writing assignments and the books I have read. One of my biggest struggles when writing essays is making them compact, concise, and on topic.†¦show more content†¦In high school, I elected to take an extra English class junior year because I hoped to improve upon my writing and analysis skills from the previous years. My favorite class that year was my Shakespeare class. In that c lass, we read, acted out, wrote about, and watched productions of four Shakespeare plays. The class was very small and our final project was to mesh two of the plays together and perform the resulting one act. In general, the writing required for that class was not classical essay writing, but was creative based and focused on play script themes. Since this was a relatively new medium for me, it was a bit more of a challenge than writing a standard essay. It was, however, closely linked to my summer experience in middle school many years prior. Through my work in theater, as an actress in elementary and middle school and as a behind the scenes crew member in high school, I was familiar with scripts and how they convey plot and context almost exclusively through dialogue. The Shakespeare class and my other creative writing related classes in high school were pushed me out of my writing comfort zone while allowing me to think creatively. As anyone who has ever taken an English class knows, the backbone of most writing courses is a classical essay, with prescribed structures and a thesisShow MoreRelatedEssay on Educational Goals and Philosophy1072 Words   |  5 PagesPhilosophy Most individuals can recall when they were very young saying, â€Å"When I grow up, I want to be a . . . † For some people, over the course of growing up their ambitions changed several times. But for many, they ended up in a career which was a life long desire, goal, or ambition. Today, students must begin to think about their future on a more serious note than that of childhood during the latter part of their middle school years. This is during their eighth grade year usuallyRead MorePersonal Statement : My Mother Graduate With Her Masters From Liberty853 Words   |  4 PagesAmbition is something that I’ve thought about a lot for many years, but especially for the past few years. I saw my mother graduate with her masters from Liberty when I was in middle school, and I saw my brother gradate top 10% of his high school graduating class and get into William and Mary my freshman year of high school. I know what determination and hard work look like through them, and after I saw them accomplish so much it made me want to work harder. I’ve went through many career ideas fromRead MoreWhy Student Attends Secondary School937 Words   |  4 Pagesstudent attends secondary school has a large influence on whether they are able to proceed in higher education. I believe that this is a failing in our educational system, and I want to be a part of changing the injustices in our educational system. These ambitions have led me to believe that diversifying my knowledge of educational systems is imperative and I have chosen to study abroad in Regensburg, Germany in order to receive an international perspective on education. Due to my passion for educationRead MoreThe Universe : My Life966 Words   |  4 PagesGrowing up, my parents were young, they had me when they were only teenagers. They and my Grandparents made plans, till they felt like they could handle me, my Grandfather would be my caretaker. He and I would explore the world, he†™d teach me about plant species and animals, science and math. We would have outings to the Cascades, hike trails and learn about the wildlife that was roamed the areas. During summer nights we would stargaze and learn about the cosmos. We spent years collecting issuesRead MoreThe Universe : My Life961 Words   |  4 PagesGrowing up, my parents were young. They had me when they were only teenagers and made an arrangement with my grandparents. Until my parents felt like they could handle me, my grandfather would be my caretaker. He and I would explore the world, learning about plant species, animals, science, and math. We would have outings to the Cascades, hike trails, and learn about the wildlife roaming areas. Summer nights, we would stargaze and learn about the cosmos. We spent years collecting issues of â€Å"SecretsRead MoreThe Is An Old Proverb1372 Words   |  6 Pagesway to release stress. We may wonder if there is no hope for us to become successful. And we know that sighing is not useful, and the only way is that we must find a goal or dream in our lives. The reason why people feel confused and futureless is that they do not have clear aspirations, and they do not know what they live for. Without goals, they will only stay in the same place and never go ahead. Without ambitions, they will become lazy and resign themselves to fate. If we do not want opportunitiesRead MoreAll My Life, I Wanted to be a Dress Designer...and I am a Male548 Words   |  3 PagesDescribe his ambitions and the reactions of other people. Ever since I was five years old, I had wanted to be a dress-designer. I used to look at magazines such as Elle and Vogue in great awe. Most people clothes, I saw art and the passion of the designers poured onto the fabric. I started drawing my ideas for when I would grow up and have models wear the clothes I designed. One day I decided to show these designs to my parents. My mother was speechless and I assumed I had impressed her but my father frownedRead MoreThe First Year Of Middle School1463 Words   |  6 PagesThe first year of middle school was a year of transition into a new world. I would be going to a new school and enhance my life academically and on a social level. Looking back at that year isn’t so pleasant. My new self today, sucked in numerous amounts of life lessons that contradict the person I was in sixth grade. Sixth grade was all about fitting in for me. I just wanted to be part of a crowd and be known. I didn’t care about my academics at the moment. However, I was lucky enough to be educationallyRead MoreThe University Of Oregon School Of Law956 Words   |  4 PagesMarlen Pikovsky Personal Statement I am applying to the University of Oregon School of Law to compliment my experiences as an undergraduate and to take the next step on my path towards my professional goals. In order to become a successful legal professional in the field of international human rights, one needs to understand the intricate complexities of global communities. The University of Oregon School of Law will broaden my vantage point to encompass other legal realities of migration and humanRead MoreMoral Destruction by Unchecked Ambition1253 Words   |  5 PagesShakespeare was born in Stratford-upon-Avon, northwest of London. When Shakespeare was eighteen he married Anne Hathaway and had three children. The majority of Shakespeares life was not just spent in school but in the theatre world in London were he had found and started venturing into the writing profession by the early 1590s. Shakespeare was ambitious when it came to the theatre and always strived for success not only was he a play writer but as an actor. The duration of 1610 to 1613 it was said that

Effects of Music on the Mind - 1350 Words

Effects of Music on the Mind The study of how music affects the mind has been a subject of interest for many. The interconnection between music and the physical and mental health of human beings has been researched on since long. Research has concluded that music does have positive effects on our mind. It has the power of healing certain ailments. Indian classical music has been found to have the strongest healing powers. Music has a calming effect on the mind. It is known to speed the recovery of health ailments. It helps fight anxiety and has a soothing effect on the brain. Effects of Music on the Mental State Fights Depression: Feeling depressed, gloomy or inadequate? Soothing music can help you. Depression reduces brain†¦show more content†¦Makes Learning Easier: Have you tried learning anything by combining it with music or rhythm? For example, counting with a certain repeating pattern, or learning the alphabet by giving it a tune. Or remember learning poetry by reciting it musically? Didn t that help you learn things faster? Basically you can remember songs because they are musical compositions and not plain words lacking music or rhythm. This is what music does. It makes learning easier. Learning beat patterns (talas), helps improve math skills. The study of rhythm is known to help students learn math. Music stimulates the brain centers that deal with thinking, analyzing and planning, thus enhancing one s organizational skills. Speeds Healing: Music helps in the secretion of endorphins that help in speeding the process of healing. It acts as an effective distraction from pain and suffering. It not only diverts the mind from pain, but also helps bring about certain chemical changes in the brain that help speed the healing process. Music therapy is recommended for patients of high blood pressure, heart diseases and even cancer. Music is therapeutic in pain management. Listening to melodious, comforting music is sure to have a positive effect on the physical and mental well-being of patients. If not cure every ailment, music definitely creates hope in the minds of patients - a hope to recover. AndShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Music On The Body And Mind1684 Words   |  7 PagesThe Effect of Music on the Body and Mind â€Å"Without music, life would be a mistake.† -Friedrich Nietzsche Music has a bigger impact on the mind than what most people think. It can affect our personalities, emotions, and even the brain. Some people consider music to be just a form of entertainment, but it is considerably more than that. Music affects the brain in many ways. The personality of a person can be predicted by what song genre they choose to listen to. Different genres of music and theirRead MoreThe Effect Of Music On The Mind Of Life1035 Words   |  5 Pages The Effect of Music Music is the artistic form of auditory communication incorporating instrumental or vocal tones in a structured and continuous manner through rhythm, melody, and harmony. To many people, music is a way of life. It has become a big factor in most cultures and in society. Most people feel stronger than others in a discussion of music. The influence of music can affect the ways of the mind, the brain, and mood of a human. The interconnection between the music and theRead MoreThe Effects Of Music On Human Mind1441 Words   |  6 Pagesexplanations of the impact of music on human mind. As such, the search for the answers has attracted researchers from various disciplines, including anthropology, musicology, psychology, and computer science. Many scholars have written about the importance of this research because of its effects on social attitudes and depression. Thus, psychology of music studies the psychological states underlying activities, such as listening, playing, and composing music. Currently, the use of music has been incorporatedRead MoreEssay on Effects of Music on the Mind3499 Words   |  14 Pages Effects Of Music On The Mind Are people typically geniuses? Statistically, people probably are not. In fact, most people probably arent even intellectually gifted at all. Most people are likely to be pretty much average, maybe a little bit above average, or a little below, but very average none the less. It is universally understood that people strive to learn to become wiser and more informed about the world around them. The more people learn, the more powerful they can become. It is the speedRead MoreThe Fascination Effects Of Music On The Human Mind1941 Words   |  8 PagesThe Fascination Effects of Music on the Human Mind; Framing Intuition and Perception From ancient times, music has held great importance to cultures all over the world. Music remains one language that is ever evolving; it refuses to die away. From that day almost 40,000 years ago, one of the first musicians picked up a vulture’s bone and decided to make a flute out of it, till this day, music has held a power that no other language will ever hold. The importance of music has indeed waxed greaterRead MoreEffect of Different Music Genres on the Mind6676 Words   |  27 PagesIndividual Research Project FIRST-HAND INVESTIGATION BIOLOGY The Effect of Different Music Genres on the Human Mind: * Concentration * Spatial Reasoning * Short-Term Memory * Reaction Time Timothy Yee Joy TABLE OF CONTENTS Why I chose this topic ............................................................................3 Summary of Prior Research......................................................................4 Appendix of Research and Assessment of Reliability ........Read MoreEssay about Negative Effects of Music on the Mind1093 Words   |  5 PagesToday many people believe that violent music has aggressive and hostile reactions in children, because those who listen to aggressive music often act aggressively too. Brad Bushman, Professor of Psychology and Communication Studies at the University of Michigan, in his article Media violence and the American public in American Psychologist for 2001 says, that measuring such correlation (between agressive music and its consequences in real life) in laboratory studies would clearly be unethical,Read MoreThe Effects of Larry Browns Facing the Music on the Mind of the Reader741 Words   |  3 PagesFacing the Music by Larry Brown (1988) Larry Brown is a writer from Mississippi and his writings are more or less influenced by one the renowned writers William Faulkner. But in this paper we are not going to elaborate on the styles of narration, the comparison and contrast, of the two writers, but that we are going to analyze the idea behind Brown’s first literary achievement facing the Music (1988). This book is a collection of ten short stories. These ten short stories are nevertheless, shortRead MoreMusic: the Medicine of the Mind784 Words   |  4 PagesMusic can have effects on the human brain that are hard to exaggerate. For instance, a mere snippet of song can trigger one’s memories so vividly. A tune can induce emotions ranging from unabashed joy to deep sorrow and can drive listeners into states of patriotic fervour or religious frenzy--to say nothing of its legendary ability to soothe the savage beast. The study of how music affects the mind and the interconnection between music and the physical and mental health of human beings has been aRead MoreMusic : Music And Mindfulness951 Words   |  4 PagesMusic and Mindfulness Music is vitally important to humans, and has played a role in society since the beginning of time. From the way that the wind whistles, or birds chirp, to the many new different types of music that exist in modern society. Music has a great impact on people’s minds and can impact the way they interact with one another. Mindfulness can be characterized as the state or quality of being aware of your surroundings. Music can help bring about vast mood changes and help people express

Both Plato and Aristotle are among the most influential...

Both Plato and Aristotle are among the most influential philosophers in the history. Socrates was another famous philosopher who greatly influenced Plato. Plato was the pupil of Socrates and later Plato became the teacher of Aristotle. Although Aristotle followed his teachings for a long time, he found many questionable facts in his teachings and later on became a great critic of Plato’s teachings. Since Aristotle found faults in Plato, hence their work is easily comparable as it is based on the common aspects of philosophy. In this paper I will first explain some similarities and then I shall explain the differences between the theories of Plato and Aristotle. Both Plato and Aristotle based their theories on four widely accepted beliefs†¦show more content†¦Example- he observed that every living creature has eyes which may vary in size and color, yet it has a common purpose of seeing. Even though both philosophers use â€Å"form† to understand objects, yet onl y Plato believes that it is required to gain knowledge , whereas Aristotle believes that it is needed only to study and object and discover it’s function. Plato then tries to explain his theory on human conditioning. In this he explains that â€Å"the human condition is likened to being trapped in a cave facing the back wall only able to see shadows unaware that there is anything else in the world†. However the reality is that there is a world outside the cave that contains the truth of the knowledge of the reality that is needed to gain knowledge. It is explained that one man is set free from the cave and it is then he realises that shadows were not reality . However when this enlightened person is sent back to the cave the ignorant people do not accept the reality and criticise him accusing him of being a liar. Plato believed that to gain knowledge we must â€Å"transcend† beyond this world into a higher reality where true realities exist. By doing this Plato is able to ignore the sensory distraction of the body in which he is trapped while also minimising the distractions of the appetites of the body such as food and sex. Plato uses Mathematics as the paradigm of knowledge as it’s truth exists beyond sensoryShow MoreRelatedSocrates: One of the Most Important Figures in Western Philosophy1252 Words   |  6 Pages Socrates was one of the most influential thinkers in the West, even though he left no writings of himself, it was possible to reconstruct an accurate account of his life from the writings of his Greek students because he always engaged them. He was a man with a very strong conviction because he lived his life for the pursuit of knowledge, true wisdom, God’s will, and piety. Though he never wrote anything, his soul source of knowledge about him came from one of his students, Plato. Socrates wasRead MoreSocrates : The Father Of Western Philosophy747 Words   |  3 PagesSocrates is not only one of the most infl uential intellectual to have ever lived, but also one of the most controversial. His ideology, teachings, and beliefs are still discussed, debated, and quoted to this day. Using one of his students, Plato and looking at Aristophanes work, one can draw concluding thoughts on why Socrates brought so much controversy to the table and how both perspectives seem to tell a different story. Socrates was a Greek philosopher between 470BC to 399BC. He is rememberedRead MoreAristotle Was a Greek Philosopher and Polymath2568 Words   |  11 PagesARISTOTLE Aristotle was a Greek philosopher and polymath, a student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great. His writings cover many subjects, including physics, metaphysics, poetry, theater, music, logic, rhetoric, linguistics, politics, government, ethics, biology, and zoology. Together with Plato and Socrates (Platos teacher), Aristotle is one of the most important founding figures in Western philosophy. Aristotles writings were the first to create a comprehensive system of Western philosophyRead MoreThe Basic Principle Of Inquiry1195 Words   |  5 Pagesare minor or groundbreaking questions is irrelevant, but the basic principle of inquiry is what constructs the pillars of philosophical thought. As in all things, the beginnings of philosophy were somewhat elementary, but complexity has built as history advances. Philosophy is loosely organized into 2 fields, Western and Eastern. Western philosophy is associated with Ancient Greek, Roman, Western Europe, and later on, the Americasâ₠¬â„¢ process of thought. Being that we are predominantly influenced byRead MoreThe Rise and Fall of Alexandria Essay1520 Words   |  7 PagesReview of The Rise and Fall of Alexandria Book Review of The Rise and Fall of Alexandria How the modern world was actually established is often overlooked and attributed to the powers and domination of Athens and Rome. What authors Justin Pollard and Howard Reid urge readers to understand, however, is the significance that the city of Alexandria had on Western Civilization. Both authors have worked in British and American television, and are accomplished in the film/documentary industry. ReidRead MoreComparing The Religions Of Hinduism And Buddhism Essay1459 Words   |  6 Pagescommon people of India ? Both Hinduism and Buddhism are prominent religions in the ancient and modern world. They are arguably two of the most popular polytheistic faiths as well. Most people make the mistake of grouping them as one uniform religion, but this is inaccurate. Buddhism and Hinduism do split some resemblance, but several aspects of these faiths cause them to be contrasting from one another. The pair have been exceedingly significant throughout history, providing hope to the commonRead MorePolitical Philosophy and Plato Essay9254 Words   |  38 Pages SOCRATES Socrates 469 BC–399 BC, was a classical Greek Athenian philosopher. Credited as one of the founders of Western philosophy, he is an enigmatic figure known chiefly through the accounts of later classical writers, especially the writings of his students Plato and Xenophon, and the plays of his contemporary Aristophanes. Many would claim that Platos dialogues are the most comprehensive accounts of Socrates to survive from antiquity. Through his portrayalRead MoreThe History of the Greeks: Hellenic and Hellenistic6253 Words   |  26 PagesThe History of the Greeks: Hellenic and Hellenistic The Hellenic Age and the Hellenistic Age are the two main periods in Greek history. The Hellenic Age is significantly different from the Hellenistic Age. The Hellenic period saw the rising and falling of the polis while Hellenistic period was plagued by warfare among the remaining dynasties. Despite the differences between the Hellenic and Hellenistic periods, the one thing that remained consistent in both periods was the Greeks ability to notRead MoreHumanist Art And Philosophy Of The Renaissance1774 Words   |  8 Pagesdiscovery. The work of Socrates, Plato, Aristotle and the other ancient thinkers have bewildered and amazed people through centuries of study and analysis. However, with the shift of time and belief systems, the central focus of the European culture concerned not secular wisdom but divine inspiration, causing for the period we now refer to as the Dark Ages. But as the flame of the church began to be dampened by suffering and new Humanistic ideals, people like the i mmensely influential Marsilio Ficino beganRead MoreGender Inequality And Its Effect On The Stimulation Of Genocide Essay1297 Words   |  6 Pagesgender that classifies all people into two genders (Benson, 2005, pp.1). Under the binary model, gender is rigid (Ibid). The categorization of genders establishes roles for each sex to accept. In the pre-genocide period, each of these roles was adopted by both genders. Accordingly, the pre-genocide Rwandan society placed ideas of what makes a woman and a man on the basis of traits/ qualities. These roles are prescribed as ideal or the appropriate behaviour for an individual of a specific gender.

The Yellow Wallpaper from the Point of View of a Doctors...

The Yellow Wallpaper from the Point of View of a Doctors Wife The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, is a story told from the first person point of view of a doctors wife who has nervous condition. The first person standpoint gives the reader access only to the woman’s thoughts, and thus, is limited. The limited viewpoint of this story helps the reader to experience a feeling of isolation, just as the wife feels throughout the story. The point of view is also limited in that the story takes places in the present, and as a result the wife has no benefit of hindsight, and is never able to actually see that the men in her life are part of the reason she never gets well. This paper will discuss how Gilman’s choice of point of†¦show more content†¦No matter what a woman did or thought, she was still seen as the lesser of the sexes. Like the narrator, women of that time were directed to suppress their creativity as it threatened the dominating males sense of control. By having the narrator be forced to write in secret, There comes John, and I must put this away -- he hates to have me write a word, Gilman was able to show that even the simplest things, like wanting to write were forbidden, lest the male approved (392). Prohibited from working and not being able to contribute to the household as a proper wife, the narrator begins to feel helpless: So I†¦ am absolutely forbidden to ‘work’ until I am well again. Personally, I disagree with their ideas (390). The narrator’s husband and brother both exert their own will over hers, forcing her to do what they think is the appropriate behavior for a sick woman. She has been given a schedule[d] prescription for each hour in the day; [John] takes all care from me (391). The way that she is required to act involves practically no exertion of her o wn free-will. Instead, she is expected to obediently accept the fact that her own ideas are mere fancy, and only the opinions of the men in her life can be trusted. The fact that she is not allowed to think for herself is narrowing the extent of her authority in her life and of her autonomy. With no creative outlet her mind starts to find things upon which to dwell, things that only she can see. Virtually imprisoned inShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Story Of An Hour And Charlotte Perkins Gilman s The Yellow Wallpaper908 Words   |  4 PagesGilman’s â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† are two short stories that share similar themes and ideas. The authors’ use of point of view, symbolism, and imagery are different but still convey the same basic idea. Both stories cover the theme of marriage and share the idea that marriage is oppressive. The stories focus on two wives desperate to break from the control of their husbands. In â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† the woman’s husband is a doctor therefore he believes he knows what is best for his wife. She wishesRead MoreInsanity in The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman1187 Words   |  5 PagesInsanity in The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman In Charlotte Perkins Gilmans The Yellow Wallpaper, a nervous wife, an overprotective husband, and a large, dank room covered in musty wallpaper all play important parts in driving the wife insane. The husbands smothering attention, combined with the isolated environment, incites the nervous nature of the wife, causing her to plunge into insanity to the point she sees herself in the wallpaper. The authors masterful use ofRead More The Narrative Voice in Araby, Livvie and The Yellow Wallpaper965 Words   |  4 Pages The Narrative Voice in Araby, Livvie and The Yellow Wallpaper nbsp; I hadnt really considered the importance of the narrative voice on the way the story is told until now. In Araby, Livvie and The Yellow Wallpaper the distinctive narrative voices and their influences shed light on hidden meanings and the narrators credibility. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; In Araby the story is told from the point of view of a man remembering a childhood experience. The story is toldRead MoreThe Impact of Family Relationships in â€Å"the Story of an Hour† â€Å"the Yellow Wallpaper†1159 Words   |  5 Pagesrelationships, especially involving spouses can create difficulties and challenges for one or the other, in-turn could create an impact in their relationship. Kate Chopin’s â€Å"The Story of an Hour† and Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† are short stories centralized on the view of two married women, the challenges they endure in their relationships and coping with their spouse. Women wanting to have freedom, having to deal with an illness and their position in the household can create such challengesRead MoreRelationship Between The Story of an Hour The Yellow Wallpaper1303 Words   |  6 PagesOutline * Story of an Hour and Yellow Wallpaper have challenges that were faced by the protagonists, setting looked to be in the same era with men being in charge of their wives lives. * Both women were emotionally and psychically trapped in their relationships * Both wanted freedom from their husbands * Both protagonists had an illness, which lead to had an opposite effect on both characters * Mrs. Millard had a heart condition and the narrator would develop a mentalRead MoreThe Deeper Meaning of The Yellow Wallpaper1257 Words   |  6 PagesCharlotte Perkins Gilman’s short story, The Yellow Wallpaper, is the disheartening tale of a woman suffering from postpartum depression. Set during the late 1890s, the story shows the mental and emotional results of the typical rest cure prescribed during that era and the narrator’s reaction to this course of treatment. It would appear that Gilman was writing about her own anguish as she herself underwent such a treatment with Dr. Silas Weir Mitchell in 1887, just two years after the birth ofRead More Gilman Exposed in The Yellow Wallpaper1290 Words   |  6 PagesGilman Exposed in The Yellow Wallpaper      Ã‚   Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s short story, The Yellow Wallpaper, is the disheartening tale of a woman suffering from postpartum depression. Set during the late 1890s, the story shows the mental and emotional results of the typical rest cure prescribed during that era and the narrator’s reaction to this course of treatment. It would appear that Gilman was writing about her own anguish as she herself underwent such a treatment with Dr. Silas Weir MitchellRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman1423 Words   |  6 Pagesinfluence, including wealth, sex, age, profession, education, and even race. In the short story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, this correlation and abuse of influence is portrayed through an inside look into the deteriorating mind of a woman whose life is being controlled by her influential, high in social status husband. Although he believes that he is doing the right thing for his wife by making dec isions for her, he is in fact doing the opposite. After all, according to Newton,Read MorePsychological Case Study : The Yellow Wallpaper1453 Words   |  6 PagesPsychological Case Study: â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman was published for the first time in 1892 and it is oftentimes referred as being a psychological, feminist, or even a Gothic story. The author portrays her own personal experience with postpartum depression by creating this impressive fictional story which sent such a strong message to all women from that period of time. It was a man’s World in which woman where seenRead MoreThe Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin And The Yellow Wallpaper1395 Words   |  6 PagesThe Story of an Hour by Kate Chopin and The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman written in the 1890s both reflect gender roles of this time, specifically women’s roles. In these stories both of the women are oppressed by their marriages, and by the end of the stories both wish to be rid of their husbands. Also, in both of these stories these women experience mental illnesses, mainly depression. These illnesses were looked at as something minor during this time, was it because psychologists

Divinity, Sexuality And The Self Essay Example For Students

Divinity, Sexuality And The Self Essay Through his poetry, Whitmans Song of Myself makes the soul sensual and makes divine the flesh. In Whitmans time, the dichotomy between the soul and the body had been clearly defined by centuries of Western philosophy and theology. Today, the goodness of the soul and the badness of the flesh still remain a significant notion in contemporary thought. Even Whitmans literary predecessor, Emerson, chose to distinctly differentiate the soulfrom all nature. Whitman, however, chooses to reevaluate that relationship. His exploration of human sensuality, particularly human sexuality, is thetool with which he integrates the spirit with the flesh. Key to this integration is Whitmans notion of the ability of the sexualself to define itself. This self-definition is derived from the stronglyindependent autonomy with which his sexuality speaks in the poem. Much ofthe Song of Myself consists of a cacophony of Whitmans different selvesvying for attention. It follows that Whitmans sexual self would likewisefind itself a voice. A number of passages strongly resonate with Whitmanssexuality in their strongly pleasurable sensualities. The thoroughlyintimate encounter with another individual in section five particularlyexpresses Whitman as a being of desire and libido. Whitman begins his synthesis of the soul and body through sexuality byestablishing a relative equality between the two. He pronounces in previousstanzas, You shall listen to all sides and filter them from yourself, and,Not an inch nor a particle of an inch is vile, and none shall be lessfamiliar than the rest. Here, he lays foundation for the basicegalitarianism with which he treats all aspects of his being for the rest ofthe poem. This equality includes not only his sexuality, but in broaderterms, his soul and body. In the opening to section five, Whitmanexplicitly articulates that equality in the context of the body and soul: Ibelieve in you my soul, the other I am must not abase itself to you, And youmust not be abased to the other. He refutes the moral superiority of thesoul over the flesh historically prevalent throughout Western thought. Withthat level groundwork established, he is free to pursue the relationshipbetween the soul and the body on equal footing. The mechanism of this integration may be one of a number of possibilitiesincluded in Whitmans work. Whitmans notion that All truths wait in allthings very broadly defines the scope of his desire to distill truth fromhis surroundings. He indicates that all the men ever born are also mybrothers, and the women my sisters and lovers, suggesting that perhapssensual understanding of the interconnectedness of man bridges the spiritualto the corporal. Within the context of the passage, the cause/effectrelationship between sensual contact and transcendent understanding becomesclear. His declaration that I believe in the flesh and the appetites,Seeing, hearing, feeling, are miracles reinforces the concept that truth isdirectly discerned through the union of the spirit and the senses. Human sensuality thus becomes the conduit that bridges the spirit and theflesh. Whitman demonstrates the result of that synthesis to be peace andknowledge that pass all the argument of the earth. He expands thisrevelation of truth and understanding as the passage continues, linking itto divinity as he invokes the image of the hand of God and the spirit ofGod. The union of the spirit with the body thus becomes a natural, commonpathway to divinity. This association to the cosmos, facilitated by a unionof the spiritual and the corporal, is then a direct result of the expressionof the sexual self. .u576c79b0ece90da4310a2a31f1999eb1 , .u576c79b0ece90da4310a2a31f1999eb1 .postImageUrl , .u576c79b0ece90da4310a2a31f1999eb1 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u576c79b0ece90da4310a2a31f1999eb1 , .u576c79b0ece90da4310a2a31f1999eb1:hover , .u576c79b0ece90da4310a2a31f1999eb1:visited , .u576c79b0ece90da4310a2a31f1999eb1:active { border:0!important; } .u576c79b0ece90da4310a2a31f1999eb1 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u576c79b0ece90da4310a2a31f1999eb1 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u576c79b0ece90da4310a2a31f1999eb1:active , .u576c79b0ece90da4310a2a31f1999eb1:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u576c79b0ece90da4310a2a31f1999eb1 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u576c79b0ece90da4310a2a31f1999eb1 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u576c79b0ece90da4310a2a31f1999eb1 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u576c79b0ece90da4310a2a31f1999eb1 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u576c79b0ece90da4310a2a31f1999eb1:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u576c79b0ece90da4310a2a31f1999eb1 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u576c79b0ece90da4310a2a31f1999eb1 .u576c79b0ece90da4310a2a31f1999eb1-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u576c79b0ece90da4310a2a31f1999eb1:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Bilingual Education Position Paper EssayWhitmans choice of the word reached in And reachd till you felt mybeard, and reachd till you held my feet, is a powerful image. It connotesnot only a physical bridging, which Whitman establishes as a elemental forcein its sensual nature, but also a direct application of the will. In thiscontext, this passage echoes Whitmans earlier Urge and urge and urge,always the procreant urge of the world, in its hunger and desire. Bothwords reached and urge indicate willed effort, revolving around thebasic function of human nature in sexuality. The centralness of theprocreant urge to both these passages makes the sexual act the voltaaround which comprehension and truth are achieved. One of the key truths that Whitman explicitly communicates is the notion ofthe interconnectedness of mankind. This theme echoes throughout Song ofMyself in the collection of voices through which Whitman speaks throughoutthe poem, voices of his own and of other persons. In celebrating thatdiversity among all persons and within himself, Whitman reiterates his useof the sexuality as an instrument of bridging. Here, the power of thesensual self binds all persons together through its universality and itsinherence in each human being. In claiming all men ever born are also mybrothers, Whitman associates himself and his sexual being to the whole ofcollective human experience. His presumption that all persons are fullycapable of expressing themselves as sexual beings is subtly hinted at in theuniform hieroglyphic he mentions later. In this instance, Whitmansrelation between grass, the uniform hieroglyphic; and his catalogue ofdifferent identities, proclaiming, I give them the same, I receive them thesame, marks a commonality in the human experience. This notion of peopleas blades of grass, same and equal yet distinctly individual, can beextended to encompass Whitmans notion of the sexual self. As Whitmans transcendental experience continues, the scope of hisunderstanding seems to continue outward. The exponential growth of hisknowledge through his sensual experience claims: And limitless are leavesstiff or drooping in the fields, And brown ants in the little wells beneaththem. The breadth of his comprehension increases profoundly on bothmacroscopic and microscopic levels. In contemplating the nature of grass inthe next section, Whitman echoes this notion of infinities giving way toinfinities: All goes onward and outward, nothing collapses. When taken into consideration with his later declaration, Walt Whitman, akosmos, the concept of the sexual self as part of an external infinity mustalso be weighed against the notion of the sexual self as an integral part ofan internal infinity. In Whitmans enumerations of different types ofpersons throughout the poem, he strongly suggests that these people are alsovoices manifested in his own being. He later proclaims, In the faces ofmen and women I see God, and in my own face in the glass. This line nearthe end of the poem strongly ties the sense of externally infinite being toWhitmans sense of internal boundlessness. These two otherwise separatedomains of the external and the internal are thus coupled, completing thecycle of the theme of union that Whitman imbues Song of Myself. By projecting his sexual self against such broad parameters, Whitmangenerates a decidedly transcendental experience. With such vivid imagery inhis celebration of the sensual, he elevates the limited faculties of man tobeing capable of limitless understanding. The role of the sexual in hiswork is integral to this sense of active, individual discovery. Whitmansnotion of sexuality acknowledges it as one of the highest forms of sensualpleasure, and one of great personal and communicative importance. .uba1b4cc2c42556d29204e9f556d8f01d , .uba1b4cc2c42556d29204e9f556d8f01d .postImageUrl , .uba1b4cc2c42556d29204e9f556d8f01d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uba1b4cc2c42556d29204e9f556d8f01d , .uba1b4cc2c42556d29204e9f556d8f01d:hover , .uba1b4cc2c42556d29204e9f556d8f01d:visited , .uba1b4cc2c42556d29204e9f556d8f01d:active { border:0!important; } .uba1b4cc2c42556d29204e9f556d8f01d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uba1b4cc2c42556d29204e9f556d8f01d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uba1b4cc2c42556d29204e9f556d8f01d:active , .uba1b4cc2c42556d29204e9f556d8f01d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uba1b4cc2c42556d29204e9f556d8f01d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uba1b4cc2c42556d29204e9f556d8f01d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uba1b4cc2c42556d29204e9f556d8f01d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uba1b4cc2c42556d29204e9f556d8f01d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uba1b4cc2c42556d29204e9f556d8f01d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uba1b4cc2c42556d29204e9f556d8f01d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uba1b4cc2c42556d29204e9f556d8f01d .uba1b4cc2c42556d29204e9f556d8f01d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uba1b4cc2c42556d29204e9f556d8f01d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: A Civil Rebuttal EssayPoetry Essays

Nurses Carry Out Several Tasks As Prescribed In Their Profession

Question: How Nurses Carry Out Several Tasks As Prescribed In Their Profession? Answer: Introduction Nurses carry out several tasks as prescribed in their profession. One of those is assessment of mental conditions and helping in the recovery process, especially to those with serious conditions. Mental health is the well-being of a person as far as mental state is concerned. In carrying out task pertaining to mental illness, nurses play a pivotal role. They offer several invaluable services that help in the recovery of those suffering from mental illnesses. In providing medical expertise for mental illness, one has to consider the causes, disorders and possible solution. Psychopathology is the study of all of those that entails the causes of mental illness all the way to its diagnosis. In this essay therefore, I intend to write on mental health assessment by looking at several areas. To start with, is the psychopathology part. In addition to that, I intend to focus on how mental illness affects a person, specifically, what are the effects of mental illness to a person. Moreover, the essay will look at detailed description of mental illness, and other aspects like causes. Lastly, the essay will give a detailed explanation of nurses approach to mental recovery process. Psychopathology Psychopathology can on a very basic level change identity, to improve things or for the more awful. For instance, it is possible that the experience of having experienced an extreme mental issue, for example, a psychosis or a noteworthy melancholy, may lastingly affect one's trademark way of considering, feeling, and identifying with others (Repper, Perkins, 2003). This change to identity working, regularly alluded to as a "scar" of a mental issue, require not speak to just a proceeding with subthreshold indication of the psychopathology (e.g., a remaining period of schizophrenia giving off an impression of being schizotypal identity attributes) however may even speak to the advancement of new identity characteristics because of the event or experience of the psychopathology (e.g., subordinate identity qualities coming about because of an affair of repetitive fits of anxiety or maniacal scenes). Is an official rule for the determination of mental issue (Gurung, 2014). It fills in as reference for a scope of experts in the field of healthcare and mental health. These experts incorporate analysts, guides, doctors, social laborers, and therapists. Causes of Mental illness Biological, psychological, social, bio psychosocial assessment and Kaleidoscope of causes. They can be broadly being described as, biological; Qualities, Mother's liquor abuse, maternal wellbeing. Description of Psychoanalysis Distress, his term represents negative emotions by the person with the confusion. They may feel profoundly beset and influenced by their disease. Dysfunction, Psychological wellness nursing is drilled in an assortment of settings which incorporate, however are not limited to open and private master psychological well-being administrations, outpatient offices, intense wellbeing administrations, liquor and other medication administrations, recovery and sub-intense care, jails and the equity framework, essential and auxiliary schools, maternal and kid wellbeing programs. Mental illnesses are clinically noteworthy impedances in at least one regions of mental working. It would amaze for the introduction, course, or treatment of brokenness in intuition or feeling not to be essentially influenced by a man's from the earlier trademark way of speculation and feeling. For instance, anorexia and bulimia have a tendency to develop amid youthfulness (driven partially maybe by elevated amounts of neuroticism). People with a distraction with weight reduction who go ahead to create anorexia are undoubtedly portrayed to some extent by high premorbid good faith, one of the key individual contrasts included inside the very much approved five-figure show (FFM) of general identity structure (Keyes, 2005) . People high in honesty have elevated amounts of self-control, capability, and accomplishment endeavoring, accurately the characteristics that would be important to be so effective in weight reduction. Conversely, people low in principles would be inclined to the inc autious dyscontrol normal for gorging and bulimia. Effects of mental illness on a person Fear about the onset of the following scene, disarray about the counter-intuitive, and on occasion unreasonable nature of their inward world might be a portion of the sentiments encounter by somebody with maladjustment (Corrigan, Powell, Michaels, 2013). They may likewise involvement outrage and intensity because of the way in which the maladjustment is influencing all parts of their life. They might be easily affected to feedback what's more, feel as though other, including their career and emotional wellness proficient, do not comprehend them or what they are experiencing (Drake, Essock, Shaner, Carey, Minkoff, Kola, Rickards, 2001). They may feel dismissal from companions and relatives and therefore detach themselves. They may encounter a mind-boggling feeling of despondency, loss of intrigue, absence of vitality or inspiration. One of the effects of mental illness includes anger and mental instability among patients. This can be because of daydreams or pipedreams, inward disappointment and strife, or, on the other hand a powerlessness to oversee outrage. It is critical for the carer to get it that they can look for help with terms of break or other private care. You may likewise jump at the chance to prompt your relative's caseworker or specialist of the troubles you are encountering (Mueser, Corrigan, Hilton, Tanzman , Schaub, Gingerich Herz, 2002). Additionally, marks of disgrace about dysfunctional behavior appear to be broadly supported by the overall population in the Western world. Thinks about recommend that the larger part of natives in the United States and numerous Western European countries have demonizing dispositions about mental illness (Gurung, 2014). Moreover, trashing sees about emotional instability are not constrained to clueless individuals from the overall population; even all around prepared experts from most psychological well-being orders subscribe to generalizations about dysfunctional behavior. Shame is by all accounts less obvious in Asian and African nations , however it is vague whether this finding speaks to a social circle that does not advance disgrace or a deficiency of research in these social orders. The accessible research demonstrates that, while demeanors toward emotional sickness fluctuate among non-Western societies, the shame of maladjustment might be less extreme than in Western societies ( Hocking,2003). Fabrega recommends that the absence of separation amongst psychiatric and non-psychiatric disease in the three incredible non-Western restorative conventions is a critical element. While the potential for disparagement of psychiatric ailment positively exists in non-Western societies, it appears to fundamentally join to the more endless types of sickness that neglect to react to customary medications. Outstandingly, shame appears to be practically nonexistent in Islamic social orders (Marder, 2005). Diverse examinations of the ideas, encounters, and reactio ns to dysfunctional behavior are unmistakably required. Nurses assistance A few medical attendants might be incredulous about some mental clutters and may trust that customers could pick up control of their lives on the off chance that they would simply sufficiently advance exertion. Medical caretakers looking at patients that are suffering from mental illness face several issue that those patients raise, they may even include issue that are not related to the illness. Therefore, nurses must ensure appropriate prescription administration, especially, to those with certain serious complications, for example, schizophrenia or bipolar full of feeling issue cannot get by in and adapt to their general. The nurture must disclose to the customer and family this is a disease that requires consistent medicine administration also, development, much the same as a ceaseless physical sickness. It is additionally imperative for the medical caretaker to think about current biologic speculations and medications. Recuperation from maladjustment is a procedure that includes individual basic leadership in numerous territories. Attendants are in an exceptional position to help people in evaluating their own wellbeing status and coordinating wellbeing practices into their recuperation arranges. The utilization of appraisal instruments, motivational talking systems, and recuperation arranging can help people settle on choices about their wellbeing, experiment with new practices, and incorporate sound living practices into a recuperation plan and exercises (Aldao, Nolen-Hoeksema, Schweizer, 2010). This part of the medical attendant in this procedure is delineated, systems are portrayed, and result cases are given. Importance Gives benchmark data with respect to a man's mental state at the season of meeting Recognizes that may require a more exhaustive psychiatric appraisal .To help with finding .To guide mediations and to assess patient's advance .To illuminate the hazard evaluation .To bolster release arranging Organized way to deal with comprehension the mental condition of patients (Goodman, Rouse, Connell, Broth, Hall, Heyward, 2011). Approaches that nurses use Nurses ensure that they are patient friendly; also, they offer consolation of wellbeing. Remain quiet and straightforward clarifications. In addition to that, they apply low boosts condition Tranquilizers, as requested. Moreover, they encourage verbalization of current circumstance Teach approaches to hinder raising uneasiness. Additionally, they console customer of wellbeing. Encourage customer to verbalize about feelings of dread. Discuss reality of the circumstance. They help customer select option adapting techniques. Help customer confront fundamental sentiments that might be adding to nonsensical fears (Happell, Scott, Nankivell, Platania?Phung, 2013). Tools used to assess mental health The Global Mental Health Assessment Tool is one of the tools that is on practice to help nurses to make a brisk and complete institutionalized and mental health assessment. It has turned out to be a dependable and legitimate instrument in a past review including GPs (Marder, 2005). Its utilization by other medics may help in recognizing and overseeing mental scatters in essential care and general wellbeing settings. Another tool is Dash, in a clinical setting, it used to elucidate the locus of enthusiastic unsettling influence, as a component of the more extensive assignment of clinical evaluation. The basic capacity of the DASS is to survey the seriousness of the center side effects of dejection, nervousness and stress. It must be perceived that clinically discouraged, on edge or pushed. Further approaches Look into proposes that a restorative union is "a standout amongst the most strong indicators results of those with solid helpful partnerships finished treatment. In this review, they didn't discover the quality of the helpful organization together to be identified with treatment culmination among customers with couple of psychiatric indications. Another ramification of the recuperation point of view is the requirement for proceeding with support for recuperation. This implies the supplier urges customers to manufacture an encouraging group of people that offers regard, acknowledgment, and appreciation (Wang, Demler, Kessler, 2002). For instance, an essential component of long haul cooperation. Additionally, the customer is relied upon to contribute, and also get, bolster. An accentuation on coherence of treatment additionally spills out of a recuperation point of view. Coherence of treatment suggests that the administrations given by the program are consistent, and a customer may r emain a buyer of substance manhandle or emotional wellness benefits uncertainly. Treatment progression for people with COD starts with legitimate and intensive ID, appraisal, and finding. Conclusion Mental health assessment is useful in helping patients recover from their ailments. To carry out a successful mental assessment, it is of need that a person studies psychopathology as it will serve as guidance towards recovery. In addition to that, there are several effects that mental illness has to an individual. These effects call for attention as they can make one unfit to live in a particular society. Moreover, with the aim of helping a person recover, healthcare practitioners, in particular, nurses employ several approaches. Thus, the methods discussed have so far elaborated what it means by the term psychopathology. In addition to that, it is clear that mental illness have significant changes in the well-being of a person which are negative and need to be looked at as far as maintaining good health is concerned. Moreover, nurses can enhance recovery of those suffering from mental illness by applying several approaches. The approaches and their knowledge in nursing are essentia l in mental health assessment and in helping patients in their recovery process, for those with mental illness. Thus, mental health assessment is essential and understanding psychopathology and mental illness is essential in conducting a successful mental health assessment. Nurses on the other hand play a pivotal role in mental health assessment. References Repper, J., Perkins, R. (2003).Social inclusion and recovery: A model for mental health practice. Elsevier Health Sciences. Great Britain. Dept. of Health, National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide, Homicide by People with Mental Illness. (2001).Safety first: five-year report of the National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Homicide by People with Mental Illness. Department of Health. Corrigan, P. W., Powell, K. J., Michaels, P. J. (2013). The effects of news stories on the of mental illness.The Journal of nervous and mental disease,201(3), 179-182. Hocking, B. (2003). Reducing mental illness stigma and discrimination-everybody's business.Medical Journal of Australia,178(9), S47. Keyes, C. L. (2005). Mental illness and/or mental health? Investigating axioms of the completestate model of health.Journal of consulting and clinical psychology,73(3), 539. Drake, R. E., Essock, S. M., Shaner, A., Carey, K. B., Minkoff, K., Kola, L., ... Rickards, L.(2001). Implementing dual diagnosis services for clients with severe mental illness.Psychiatric services,52(4), 469-476. Mueser, K. T., Corrigan, P. W., Hilton, D. W., Tanzman, B., Schaub, A., Gingerich, S., ... Herz, M. I. (2002). Illness management and recovery: A review of the research.Psychiatric Services,53(10), 1272-1284. Crisp, A. H., Gelder, M. G., Rix, S., Meltzer, H. I., Rowlands, O. J. (2000). Stigmatisation of people with mental illnesses.The British Journal of Psychiatry,177(1), 4-7. Aldao, A., Nolen-Hoeksema, S., Schweizer, S. (2010). Emotion-regulation strategies acrosspsychopathology: A meta-analytic review.Clinical psychology review,30(2), 217-237. Goodman, S. H., Rouse, M. H., Connell, A. M., Broth, M. R., Hall, C. M., Heyward, D. (2011). Maternal depression and child psychopathology: a meta-analytic review.Clinical child and family psychology review,14(1), 1-27. Corrigan, P. W. (2007). How clinical diagnosis might exacerbate the stigma of mental illness.Social Work,52(1), 31-39. Corrigan, P. W. (2002). Empowerment and serious mental illness: Treatment partnerships and ommunity opportunities.Psychiatric Quarterly,73(3), 217-228. Marder, S. R. (2005). A review of agitation in mental illness: treatment guidelines and current therapies.The Journal of clinical psychiatry,67, 13-21. Wang, P. S., Demler, O., Kessler, R. C. (2002). Adequacy of treatment for serious menta illness in the United States.American journal of public health,92(1), 92-98. Happell, B., Scott, D., Nankivell, J., Platania?Phung, C. (2013). Screening physical health? Yes! But: nurses views on physical health screening in mental health care.Journal of clinical nursing,22(15-16), 2286-2297. SONG, A. H., ZHU, Y. J. (2006). The mental state interferes for the cancer suffere sinfluence of the heart body symptom [J].Proceeding of Clinical Medicine,2, 004.

Strategic Management and Strategic Direction

Question: Discuss about the Strategic Management. Answer: Introduction The subject of the business report is De Bortoli Wines. This business strategic report deals with inter and external environment of the organisation. The internal environment of the company includes capabilities, resources, and the distinctive competencies. The report further presents the swot analysis of the company including its strengths, weaknesses, future opportunities and threats. The report also discusses the PESTEL analysis of the industry to understand the factors that impact the organisations macro environment. Based on the porters five force analysis the report shows the companys internal and external competitiveness. The paper focuses on the companys strategic direction and its position in the current situation. The report finally summarises the business and corporate level strategy recommendations for promoting the business of De Bortoli Wines. Analysis of internal environment- In this section, the De Bortoli Winess internal environment is studied through SWOT analysis of the company resources. This section also discusses about the financial support of the industry and its competitive advantage. Swot Analysis SWOT analysis is undertaken to identify the companys internal strength and weaknesses as well as the external threats and future opportunities. This analysis is important to identify the competitive advantage of the business and to determine the later steps in planning to accomplish the organisational goals (Phadermrod et al. 2016). The industry practice of SWOT analysis may turn the weakness into strength and break the threats of the business using innovative solutions. Strength Weakness Opportunities Threats It is the Australias one of the large, old and privately owned companies Under its portfolio, the company owns more than thirty five brands The most successful brand of the company is the sweet white Noble One The company has developed three wineries in Australia. These three regions are diverse and impart variety of qualities to the brand The company holds wineries and vineyards in same region which saves cost and increases the efficiency of the operations The company was rewarded by Gourmet Traveller WINE as Awardee Winemaker of the Year The major challenge of the company is to process and to ferment the high sugar level which is overall complicated Increase in cost due to increase in electrical prices which demands frequent upgrade to energy and cost efficient technologies Being the fourth largest exporter of wine in the world, the company has huge market to serve and further expand The wine industry has diverse wine regions in Australia producing wide varieties of wine. Thus, it has advantage of particular Terroir such as soil type, topography and climatic differences. Therefore, the Australian wine industry has good global marketing prospects. The company boasts of its Yarra Valley Winery, which is very popular and features Northern Italian inspired cuisine. This is already a highly awarded restaurants and it can explore diversification into similar sectors It has broad prospects to expand its beer business The biggest threat of the company is huge loss due to inappropriate care of the vineyards The brand image may be effected by the issue of cork taint It is challenging to comply with the government regulations at different regulations. There is a threat of rejection of exports in large quantities Risk of huge loss due to heavy rains (Source: Chong 2014, Fleming et al. 2014, Logan 2014, and PTY 2014) Capabilities The company produces wide variety of wines such as the red and white table wines, sparkling wines, fortified wines and sweet white wine, and many more (PTY 2014). It offers wine varietals which include Moscato, Sauvingnon Blanc, Chardonnay, Riesling, and all other respective blends. The De Bortolis wines are supplied to wide various hotels and restaurants (Drinksbusiness 2015). According to Agriculture.gov.au (2016) this wine industry also operates domestic distribution branch offices in Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth and South Australia as well as in Europe and North America. The wine products of this company are exported to different parts of the world. This wine making company has made IT central to its business growth and for gaining competitive advantage. Established in 1928, this sixth largest wine industry of Australia headquartered in New South Wales (Bilbul) is today managed by third generation of the De Bortoli family (Winetitles.com.au 2016). It has employed more than 400 workers and has turnover in excess of $170 million/year. Logan (2014) highlighted that the company confidently commits an investment of $1 million in research and development on the Zero Waste Winery program. The company annually saves 392 kilowatt-hours of electricity. In last five years it has decreased its projected capital spend of over $350,000 on new energy equipment. This was possible by optimising existing systems. Its major achievement is the decrease in the greenhouse gases of 247 tonnes CO2e per annum. The company has productivity gains of 20-30% on all its packaging lines. The company has a wine processing capacity of 100,000 tonnes as recorded in 2015 (Winetitles.com.au 2016). The upgrading of the facility of waste water treatment has been one of t he main success stories. Engagement in this sustainability advantage program has helped the company to develop practical skills in lean manufacturing and in substantial savings in operational costs (Logan 2014). Distinctive Competencies De Bortoli Wines have tough competitors and the main ones in Australia are:- Pernod Ricard Winemakers Accolade Wines Treasury Wine Estates Brown Brothers Milawa Vineyard Kingston Estate Wines (Logan 2016) According to Richardson (2012) De Bortoli wines is consistently ranked 6th in terms of total revenue generated since 2011-2014. However, Treasury Wine Estates is consistently holding its first position since 2011 to 2015 in terms of total revenue generated. This company is followed by Pernod Ricard Winemakers in second position and Accolade Wines in third position. The De Bortolis competitors Brown Brothers Milawa Vineyard and Kingston Estate Wines are holding 10th position and 12th position respectively. These two competitors are behind De Bortoli in terms of total wine producing capacity. In terms of the top wine producers by vineyard area owned the De Bortoli Wine company is in 10th position with 845 hectares and Brown Brothers is in 12th position with 787 hectares. With the Vineyard area of 9133 hectares the Treasury Wine Estates was ranked in the category of top wine producers. The Kingston estate is in 5th position with 1500 hectares and Accolade Wines is in 8th position with 1 002 hectares (Winetitles.com.au 2016). Competitive Advantage The study executed by Richardson (2012) found that the companys biggest competitive advantage is its market, high brand image and engaged suppliers and staff. This is evidenced by 80% decrease in lost Time Injury rates and 26% decrease in process non-conformances. The company is ahead of its competitors Brown Brothers and Kingston Estate in terms of implementing eco-friendly practices successfully, and total revenue generated (Winetitles.com.au 2016). De Bortoli wines has more wine processing capacity (100,000 tonnes) than its competitor Treasury Wine Estates with wine processing capacity of 55000 tonnes. This gives the company a great competitive advantage (Agriculture.gov.au 2016). De Bortoli wines are ahead of Brown Brothers and other competitors such as Qualia Wine Services and Taylors Wines in terms of total owned vineyard hectare in Australia and total amount of branded wine sold in Australia (Varsei and Polyakovskiy 2016). De Bortoli hold first position in terms of the total w ine produced in Australia in 2015 whereas Brown Brothers was ranked 18th position (Bianchi et al. 2014). Analysis of external environment In this section, the report discusses about the external environment of the De Bortoli wines considering the Political, Economical, social, environment, technological, and legal factors Analysis of macro environment (PESTEL) During the process of decision-making and wine making operations the companys macro environment is influenced by various factors combined in single word as PESTEL which is abbreviated as political, economic, social, technological, environmental and legal (Grnig and Khn 2015). The PESTEL analysis for De Bortoli wines is given below- Political factors (Varsei and Polyakovskiy 2016 and Jeffery 2016) Government has link with the winemakers in Australia Wine making regulation enforced by Australian Wine and Brandy Corporation in Australia to be followed stringently Australian government supports the wine industry by general industry grants Improvement in market access and trade condition of wine exporters through government support Bilateral trade agreement on trade in wine Economic factors (Storchmann 2016; Crabb 2016) Australia has lower cost of land Higher labor cost Increase in wine consumption in Australia from all socioeconomic groups Increase in market penetration and sales Surge in Australian wine due to low value of low value of the Australian dollar against the US dollar increasing wine plantings De Bortoli has good position to export wine to Asian Pacific Countries Social factors (Richardson 2012) Increase in rate of wine consumption Demand for higher premiums in US market Increase in price sensitive consumers Increase in good winemakers due to excellent educational facilities Technological factors (Jeffery 2016; Lagos et al. 2013) Australia has high percentage of RD Australia provides facility to use advance technologies for wine making industries such as remote sensing, proximal sensing, soil monitoring and robotics in agricultural activities as well as wine making and packaging. This has improved the quality of wine and its quick production by many wine industries (Chong 2014). Good presence of online services for product marketing Strong base machinery and effective chemical formulas Strong presence of social media Environmental factors (Galbreath 2014) Good irrigation system Favourable sunny climate allowing maximum production of wine Threats of droughts Threat of decrease in cost due to surpluses Global warming effecting the ripening of the grapes and their quality Effect on distribution cost due to energy waste Carbon foot print: huge amount of CO2 in wine production Quality of water Kyoto Agreement gives challenge to the whole country Legal factors (Agriculture.gov.au 2016) Series of state and federal regulations in wine making Stringent drinking laws in Australia Australian wine industries are subjected to commonwealth and state legislations Political Factors: A major macro-environment trend for Saliba (2013) analysed that Australian government supports the wine industry by general industry grants. It is applicable for wine producers like De Bortoli, Pernod Ricard Winemakers and other high profile companies. The Winemakers Federation of Australia administers the environmental accreditation scheme of the wine making industry. As per the recognised standards the wine makers receive formal certification for their practice. The Australian government administers the Australian Grape and Wine Authority Act 2013 and Australian Grape and Wine Authority Regulations 1981 (Bianchi et al. 2014). It collects and distributes levies on the industry behalf. The government addresses the national policy matters pertaining to taxation, and natural resource management. Internationally the government works with Department of Foreign Affairs and Tradeand Austradeto improve market access and trade conditions for Australian exporters. Further, it has also established the Australia European Communi ty Agreement on trade in wine. This has assisted De Bortoli to easily penetrate the EU market (Fleming et al. 2014). Economic factors According to Chong (2014) When compared to France and US, Australia has lower cost of land as a result it aids in decreasing the production cost of DE Bortoli. However, it faces a threat of competition from its rivals due to high labor cost in Australia when compared to Asia and South America. Hence, De Bortoli has not been able to recruit large number of employees at cheaper rates like its competitors. Since 2000 there is an increase in consumption of wine globally (Spawton 2013). The falling prices of many wines have assisted in wider consumption of wine by all socioeconomic groups of people. Therefore, wine industries in Australia are growing successful. This allowed Australia to successfully penetrate markets and increase its domestic sales. As per the strategy 2025 document published by the Australian wine sector in 1996, the Australian wine must achieve its key target of annual sales of $4.5 billion by the year 2025 (Oczkowski 2016). The government has welcomed the regional bod ies to present a clear plan and offers tax breaks for additional plantings. This opportunity has helped De Bortoli to gain investment opportunities and increase its plantings. Analysis of industry environment Porters Five Forces model The industry environment of De Bortoli is analysed through Michael Porters Five forces Model and is discussed in subsequent sections- Figure 1: (Source: www.notesdesk.com) Porters five forces Model helps to explore five key areas of the environment in which an industry operates. This model is effective in assessing the competitive strength of a business. This strategic business report uses this model to review the competitive advantage generated by De Bortoli. The degree of challenge from the companys potential competitors can also be seen through this model. Based on the five force analysis the wine industry in Australia is vertically integrated. There is a pressure on wineries profitability margins due to consolidation in the retail sector. The market is highly fragmented (Oczkowski 2016). The five key factors in this context are discussed below. The threat of new entrants The cost of wine has five-tired classification among which the basic segment can highly attract the new entrants. Due to increase in customers preference to cheaper wine, De Bortoli is facing a threat from new low cost wine producers although they are not well reputed. There is also increase in the new wineries from Argentina, New Zealand, South Africa and Chile entering the Australian market (Xzbu.com 2016). This is increasing their popularity as substitutes for De Bortolis wine. However, the threat of the new entrant is low due high reputation and brand image of De Bortoli (Spawton 2013). The power of supplier Thompson (2013) highlighted that there is a low bargaining power of suppliers. In 2013 the overall wine grape crush was 1.83 million tons while the mount purchased was 1, 067, 000 tones indicating oversupply therefore, the price of the wine grapes can be bargained. Also between 2012-2014 the process collapsed giving competitive advantage to DE Bortoli. The power of buyer In wine industry, the power of the buyer is the strongest point. There is frequent change in the consumers tastes and preferences. For example, there is a decrease in wine consumption in the major market of De Bortoli in UK. However, there is an increase in consumption in Australia, Asia, Canada, and Russia. There may be a continuous growth in demand for higher quality of wine. Therefore, the bargaining power of buyers is high according to Saliba et al. (2013). As overall operational costs starts to increase there is threat of being unable to capture the highest-class wine market. Availability of substitutes It is easy for De Bortoli to produce low cost but high quality wines (Flint et al. 2015). It is cost effective for many wineries. It can also develop low cost brands to gain competitive advantage. Thus, there is a moderate threat of substitute products or services argued (Crabb 2016). The Australian wine is considered less pristine after the Yellow Tail success as a low cost product. One of the most influential news company, BBC stated that red wine is good for health on its website which gives high power of substitutes. Substitutes exist moderately for De Bortoli in case of low and high premium costs as consumers may always look to Whiskeys and bourbon (Oczkowski 2014). Rivalry There is high intensity of competition among Australian, U.S, Chinese and South American low cost wines (Spawton 2013). Since De Bortoli still uses some of its traditional wine making processes its competitors such as Pernod Ricard Winemakers, Brow Brothers, and Treasury Wine Estates has greater advantage for using advance technologies. De Bortoli however has competitive advantage because it focuses on boutique wine as well as on low price wines (Xzbu.com, 2016). Thus, De Bortoli wines have a sustainable advantage of attracting customers in different income levels and increase their sales. Further, De Bortoli is recently adpating to the latest wine making techniques so as to satisfy consumers tastes and preferences. Consequently, it preserves the companys market share and product loyalty enhancing its competitive advantage (Lagos et al. 2013). Market orientation Globally, wine industries are pushed towards marketing orientation. There is a distinction between market orientation and marketing orientation stated by Flint et al. (2015). De Bortoli market orientation places the consumers in first position. However, the customers in wine industry are very fickle. Therefore, it is not encapsulating the marketing concept of the matching process. Hence, it is not marketing orientation. However, recently the true marketing orientation has evolved in the industry realising the inadequacies of production and sales orientation. Therefore, De Bortoli gives equal weight to the industry requirements as well as to the customers demands (Lukas et al. 2013). The company choose its markets. It also manages its own productive capabilities in order to achieve its goals in pursuit of a strategic policy. The company is keen to adapt their products and service according current and latent market needs. The company is highly engaged with the social media to promote its products and satisfy full spectrum of customers. Recommended strategic direction Based on the critical analysis of the De Bortolis business, its internal and external environment, strategies have been recommend supporting with explanation. To overcome the threat of entrants De Bortoli must make its domestic market position stronger exploiting its advantage of being old wine producer and of tradition behind it. In old European cultures the wine was integral part of the old world immigrants. Prior to that, the dominant British heritage made beer alcoholic beverage of preference. After world war II Australia tend to attract the global market. Therefore, the new world countries may have weaker position in domestic market. This is a disadvantage for De Bortoli to penetrate the foreign market with oldest wine cultures (Felzensztein et al. 2014). De Bortoli must ensure its domestic growth as there is an increase in national social campaigns against alcoholism and drink driving due to increasing rate of alcohol abuse among Aboriginals (Hogan and Terrell 2015). Thus, De Bortoli should alternately plan to expand its market and increase its growth by penetrating into market having oldest wine culture such as Argentina, Italy, and France. In order to enhance its competitive advantage, De Bortoli should not concentrate its productions only to small wineries, complex labelling practices rather leverage new production techniques (Anderson 2015). Since the power of buyer is high the De Bortoli has to intensely engage in e-business such as EANnet that is useful in managing electronic order process. This will ensure the companys position in national supermarket chain supplier as a sustainable competitive advantage (Saliba et al. 2013). De Bortoli must manage adaptability to industry changes. Taking advantage of strategy 2025, De Bortoli must strive for greater international expansion as it has little room for expansion in Australia with stringent legislations against Australia. In Australia, De Bortoli Wines has strong competitive advantage, therefore, increasing its prospects of foreign investment. Since, its products are of high quality, large foreign investment will ensure significant production expansion for De Bortoli (Lewis and Zalan 2014). The major threat of De Bortoli is the changing preferences of the wine customers. The customers in wine industry are highly fickle. Therefore, in order to be successful the strategic p olicy for the company would be to correctly balance the customer and company needs. The company is advised to improve the customer service level and deliver programs to increase brand loyalty. To further improve its brand image and business the company is advised to give attractive discounts and offers to their business clients. In addition, the company is expected to use competition based and/or complex dynamic strategies for its products. (Lukas et al. 2013). Since the climatic changes are other major threat to wine industries, it is recommended that the transformation decision to include broader set of considerations than making incremental changes. De Bortoli should take into account the attitudes, and values of the stakeholder as well as the supply chain position (Fleming et al. 2015). I personally believe that strategic planning is a sure way to ensure businesss accountability, focus, communication, and is a predictable way to achieve strategic goals although the challenge of people overcomplicating is always present. Conclusion De Bortoli is emerging as leading wine making industry in Australia ready to overcome its competitors challenge and position. The company has effectively brought the shareholders vision. It has maintained sustainable growth inspite of the threat of new entrants and Australias legal factors effecting company. It can be concluded that overall De Bortoli wines are of high quality and pricing strategy is such that it satisfies full spectrum of consumers. It has favourable political and economic factors supporting its business development. De Bortoli Wines has strong competitive advantage Australia with high bargaining power of buyers and low bargaining power of suppliers. However, since recent times it is experiencing little room for expansion of market due to Alcohol related legistaions. Therefore, it needs implementation of innovative techniques to expand its foreign market. The company has broad prospects to expand in beer business. The industry has good global marketing prospects due to its current stable market positioning and adaptive large scale producers to export wine. Moreover, it has moderate threat from new competitions in domestic and international market therefore; De Bortoli has an advantage of setting their producing and selling strategies as per market requirements. References Agriculture.gov.au. 2016. Department of Agriculture and Water Resources. [online] Available at: https://www.agriculture.gov.au/ag-farm-food/wine-policy#australia--european-community-agreement-on-trade-in-wine [Accessed 22 Dec. 2016]. Anderson, K., 2015. How to return to growth? Lessons from previous wine cycles.Australian and New Zealand grapegrower and winemaker, (616), pp.33-38. Bianchi, C., Drennan, J. and Proud, B., 2014. Antecedents of consumer brand loyalty in the Australian wine industry.Journal of wine research,25(2), pp.91-104. Chong, S., 2014. Business process management for SMEs: an exploratory study of implementation factors for the Australian wine industry.Journal of Information Systems and Small Business,1(1-2), pp.41-58. Crabb, A., 2016. Wine export: Impact of the'Brexit'on Australian wine exports.Wine Viticulture Journal,31(3), p.73. Drinksbusiness. 2015. De Bortoli Wines Pty Limi. [online] Available at: https://www.thedrinksbusiness.com/dbreport/de-bortoli-wines-pty-limi/ [Accessed 22 Dec. 2016]. Felzensztein, C., Stringer, C., Benson-Rea, M. and Freeman, S., 2014. International marketing strategies in industrial clusters: Insights from the Southern Hemisphere.Journal of Business Research,67(5), pp.837-846. Fleming, A., Park, S.E. and Marshall, N.A., 2015. Enhancing adaptation outcomes for transformation: climate change in the Australian wine industry.Journal of Wine Research,26(2), pp.99-114. Fleming, E., Mounter, S., Grant, B., Griffith, G. and Villano, R., 2014. The New World challenge: Performance trends in wine production in major wine-exporting countries in the 2000s and their implications for the Australian wine industry.Wine Economics and Policy,3(2), pp.115-126. Flint, D.J., Golicic, S.L. and Signori, P., 2015.Contemporary Wine Marketing and Supply Chain Management: A Global Perspective. Springer. Galbreath, J., 2014. Climate change response: Evidence from the Margaret River wine region of Australia.Business Strategy and the Environment,23(2), pp.89-104. Grnig, R. and Khn, R., 2015. Global Environmental Analysis. InThe Strategy Planning Process(pp. 89-96). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Hogan, R. and Terrell, M., 2015, June. GOVERNMENT STATUS REPORTAUSTRALIA. In24th ESV Conference, Gothenburg, Sweden. Jeffery, I., 2016. It's great in theory: But does' lean manufacturing'match the Aussie culture?.Australian and New Zealand Grapegrower and Winemaker, (629), p.70. Lagos, E., Kloppenborg, P. and Alebaki, M., 2013. Tweet Me a Drink: The Use of Social Media in Victoria's (Australia) Wine Tourism Industry.Journal of Marketing Vistas,3(2), p.11. Lewis, G. and Zalan, T., 2014. The commoditisation of Australian wine in export markets.Wine Viticulture Journal,29(6), p.61. Logan, S., 2014. Sustainability a hot topic at De Bortoli.Wine Viticulture Journal,29(1), p.25. Logan, S., 2016. Wine and viticulture journal marks 30 years.Wine Viticulture Journal,31(3), p.7. Lukas, B.A., Whitwell, G.J. and Heide, J.B., 2013. Why do customers get more than they need? How organizational culture shapes product capability decisions.Journal of Marketing,77(1), pp.1-12. Oczkowski, E., 2014. Modelling the Demand and Supply Determinants of Australian Wine Grapes.Economic Papers: A journal of applied economics and policy,33(1), pp.1-12. Oczkowski, E., 2016. Analysing Firm?level Price Effects for Differentiated Products: The Case of Australian Wine Producers.Australian Economic Papers. Phadermrod, B., Crowder, R.M. and Wills, G.B., 2016. Importance-Performance Analysis based SWOT analysis.International Journal of Information Management. PTY, D.V.I.R.T., 2014. The big guns are still the hottest shots in town.Australian and New Zealand Grapegrower and Winemaker, (603), p.22. Richardson, D., 2012.The liquor industry. Australia Institute. Rothaermel, F.T., 2015.Strategic management. McGraw-Hill. Saliba, A.J., Ovington, L.A. and Moran, C.C., 2013. Consumer demand for low-alcohol wine in an Australian sample.International Journal of Wine Research,5(1). Spawton, T., 2013. Development in the global alcoholic drinks industry and its implications for the future marketing of wine.International Journal of Wine Marketing. Storchmann, K., 2016. Introduction to the Issue.Journal of Wine Economics,11(01), pp.1-4. Thompson, J., 2013. Wine facing tough five-year outlook.Australian and New Zealand Grapegrower and Winemaker, (599), p.9. Varsei, M. and Polyakovskiy, S., 2016. Sustainable supply chain network design: A case of the wine industry in Australia.Omega. Winetitles.com.au. 2016. Winetitles Media | Wine Industry Statistics - Australia's largest wine companies by total revenue. [online] Available at: https://winetitles.com.au/statistics/wineries_revenue.asp [Accessed 19 Dec. 2016]. Winetitles.com.au. 2016. Winetitles Media | Wine Industry Statistics - Wine Producers - The largest wine processing facilities. [online] Available at: https://winetitles.com.au/statistics/wineries_processing.asp [Accessed 19 Dec. 2016]. Xzbu.com. 2016. Analysis of Australia Wine Industry Using Micheal Porter's Five Forces Model_. [online] Available at: https://www.xzbu.com/8/view-7327607.htm [Accessed 22 Dec. 2016].

Transformational Leadership Essay Essay Example

Transformational Leadership Essay Paper Transformational leading. as a construct. has been present and used with leaders all over the universe as far back as history records. This manner of leading has been cardinal to several leading techniques. research articles. and books for an drawn-out history. Transformational leading developed as a vocabulary term when it was foremost introduced by James MacGregor Burns in his book. Leadership ( Burns. 1978 ) . Burns compares the relationship between the leader and the followings with the footings transformational or transactional ( Burns. 1978 ) . Harmonizing to Burns. in a transformational leading relationship. the leader raises the motive of the followings and this consequences in animating and elating the relationship in order to carry through a common end ( Burns. 1978 ) . Burns compares the transformational leader with what he calls the transactional leader. The footings that are factual about a transactional leader are the opposite compared to transformational leaders in man y ways. We will write a custom essay sample on Transformational Leadership Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Transformational Leadership Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Transformational Leadership Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Burns ( 1978 ) . points out that the biggest differences between the two types of leader features are the intent of the relationship between the leader and followings and the intent of the leaders function and petitions. Transformational leading consequences with both parties heightening their motivational focal point and desires to carry through common ends ; transactional leading. on the other manus. consequences in a dealing comprised of a petition or demand from the important power and ends when the dealing has been complete by the worker. Throughout the old ages. transformational leading has been revised and revamped with research. Pielstick lists seven major subjects that have been consistent in depicting the undertakings that transformational leaders attempt to carry through: â€Å"creating a shared vision. pass oning it. constructing relationships. developing a civilization. steering execution. exhibiting character. and accomplishing consequences ( Pielstick. 1998. p. 1 ) . Leaderships can travel from a dealing leading function to a transmutation leading function by being magnetic to followings in order to animate. run into the emotional demandsof the followings. or â€Å"they may intellectually excite employees† ( Bass. 1990. p. 21 ) . In their book Transformational Leaders ( 2007 ) . Bass and Riggio make the claim that an person does non hold to be at the top of a concern in order to be a transformational leader. These writers province that â€Å"leadership can happen at all degrees and by any individual† ( Bass A ; Riggio. 2007. p. 2 ) and this is the nucleus to transformational leaders. Transformational leaders. lead others to carry through more than what was originally expected and typically beyond what was original idea possible ( Bass A ; Riggio. 2007 ) . This is possible because the leader pays attending to the demands of persons. trains the people below them to go leaders themselves. and empowers each individual along the manner ( Bass A ; Riggio. 2007 ) . As Antonakis combines the footings transformational and magnetic and uses the two footings interchangeably ( 2011 ) Bass and Riggio province that â€Å"charisma is merely portion of transformational leading ( 2007. p. 5 ) . Many research workers have debated whether transformational leaders must be leaders that produce positive alteration or whether leaders that produce alteration for destructive intents. for illustration Hitler. are besides considered transformational leaders. Bass and Riggio ( 2007 ) clear up that for the intents of their book a transformational leader is one that brings about alteration that is positive and completed for unselfish grounds. The MLQ. multifactor leading questionnaire. was foremost published by Dr. Bernard Bass and is considered the benchmark step of transformational leading. This MLQ step has been revised over the old ages and now comes in a short or long version ( MLQ International. 2008 ) . The constituents that comprise a transformational leader can be scored by utilizing the MLQ tool. Each of the inquiries from this tool refers to one of four constituents of transformational leading: Idealized influence. inspirational motive. rational stimulation. and individualised consideration ( Mindgarden ) . Idealized influence is evident when leaders are function theoretical accounts for their followings ( Bass A ; Riggio. 2007 ) . Transformational leaders show features that align with inspirational motive by supplying significance and challenge that consequence in motivation and animating those around them ( Bass A ; Riggio. 2007 ) . Transformational leaders stimulate the intelligence of their followings by â€Å"questioning premises. reframing jobs. and nearing old state of affairss in new ways ( Bass A ; Riggio. 2007. p. 7 ) . The 4th constituent. single consideration. is represented by transformational leaders when they act as managers or wise mans to their followings by supplying the information and arrangement that is needed on an single degree ( Bass A ; Riggio. 2007 ) . DenHartog A ; Koopman convey up the point that â€Å"transformational leading can be viewed as a particular instance of transactional leading. in every bit much as both attacks are linked to the accomplishment of some end or nonsubjective ( DenHartog A ; Koopman. 2011. p. 176 ) . Den Hartog and Koopman ( 2011 ) . supply a tabular array. Table 9. 2 Trends in Leadership Theory and Research ( p. 168 ) that gives the historical position of leading theories with a brief description of each. The ‘trait’ attack was considered to hold a period of clip up to the late 1940’s and is characterized by the impression that â€Å"leaders are born† and â€Å"leadership is an unconditioned ability ( DenHartog A ; Koopman. 2011. p. 168 ) . This belief is that leading is a trait that you are either born with or without ; it can non be taught or developed in others. The ‘style’ attack has a day of the month scope from the late 1940’s to the late 1960â⠂¬â„¢s and demonstrates traits that emphasize â€Å"effectiveness has to make with how the leader behaves ( DenHartog A ; Koopman. 2011. p. 168 ) . From the 1960’s to the 1990’s the tendency was based on the eventuality attack ; â€Å"the effectivity of leading is affected by the situation/context ( DenHartog A ; Koopman. 2011. p. 168 ) . The last attack listed on the tabular array is the New Leadership attack which includes magnetic and transformational leading manners. New leading provinces that leaders â€Å"need vision and inspire trueness and emotional fond regard ( DenHartog A ; Koopman. 2011. p. 168 ) . During this last phase. new leading. leaders were now described as leaders as opposed to directors. This last phase is opposite to the first in that this leading trait is non something you are needfully born with. yet it can be something that is taught. William Brown and Douglas May wanted to research the effects of transformational leading preparation to find if traits that align with this leading manner can be taught and consequence in a positive result. In their research. The efficaciousness of transfo rmational leading preparation. one of the three major findings was that â€Å"an intensive twelvemonth long transformational leading development and preparation plan resulted in important additions in contingent wages and transformational leading behaviours among first-line supervisors† ( May A ; Brown. 2012 ) . John Antonakis combines the footings transformational leader and magnetic leader in chapter 8 of the book The Nature of Leadership ( 2011 ) . Throughout the chapter. Antonakis compares several different researchers’ positions and theories as they relate to these types of leading traits. Anonakis. nevertheless. brings a different challenge to the thought that transformational and magnetic leading traits are the existent causes that can convey approximately positive alteration in the people surrounded by the leaders that have these traits. He does non disregard the fact that these traits could convey about the alterations seen ; nevertheless. he calls for research workers to carry on longitudinal surveies which â€Å"establishes that transformational leaders have the ability to really transform persons and organizations† ( Day A ; Antonakis. 2011. p. 280 ) . He so challenges research workers to happen the â€Å"empirical evidence† necessary in order to do the dire ct connexion between specific transformational leading traits and positive additions ( Day A ; Antonakis. 2011. p. 280 ) . Not all research workers are roll uping information that reveals positive consequences stemming from transformational leaders in topographic point. Kotlyar and Karakowsky ( 2007 ) propose that transformational leading traits have a possible nexus to heightening dysfunctional squad struggle ( Kotlyar A ; Karakowsky. 2007 ) . Boerner and Eisenbeiss ( 2008 ) . research to happen the consequence of transformational leading manners on worker dependence and creativeness. Their research suggests that though many positive consequences are yielded when a leader has transformational leading traits. there are besides negative effects that follow. Initially the creativeness from workers will increase every bit good as the over dependence workers have on leaders with transformational leading traits ( Boerner A ; Eisenbeiss. 2008 ) . This dependence so leads to a diminution in worker creativeness harmonizing to their research ( Boerner A ; Eisnbeiss. 2008 ) . In decision. transformational leading traits and manners are critical facets that are a portion of successful leaders. Further research is needed in this field in order to give this country the cogency needed to show a strong instance. Further research is besides needed to set up any connexions between transformational leading qualities and any possible negative results over drawn-out periods of clip. MentionsBass. B. M. ( 1990 ) . From transactional to transformational leading: Learning to portion the vision. Organizational Dynamics. Elsevier Science Publishing. Inc. 18 ( 3 ) . 19-31 Bass. B. M. A ; Riggio. R. E. ( 2007 ) . Transformational leading ( 2nd erectile dysfunction ) . Taylor A ; Francis. Boerner. S. A ; Eisenbiess. S. A. ( 2011 ) . A double-edged blade: Transformational leading and single creativeness. British Journal of Management. 24 ( 1 ) 54-68 Burns. J. M. ( 1978 ) . Leadership. New York. Harper A ; Row. Onursal Arkan. Day. D. V. and Antonakis. J. ( 2011 ) . The nature of leading: Chapter 8 transformational and magnetic leading. ( 2nd ed. ) Sage Publications. Inc Den Hartog. D. and Koopman. P. ( 2011 ) . Leadership in organisations. Handbook of Industrial. Work A ; Organizational Psychology. 2. Kotlyar. I. . A ; Karakowsky. L. ( 2007 ) . Falling over ourselves to follow the leader. Journal of Leadership A ; Organizational Studies. 14 ( 1 ) 38-49 May. D. A ; Brown. W. ( 2012 ) . The efficaciousness of transformational leading preparation. Journal of Management Development. Emerald Group Publishing Limited. 31 ( 6 ) 520-536 Mindgarden. Transformational leading. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. mindgarden. com/translead. htm MLQ International ( 2008 ) . Melbourne. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. mlq. com. au/index. asp Pielstick. C. D. ( 1998 ) . The transforming leader: A meta-ethnographic analysis. Community College Review. 26 ( 3 ) . 15-34